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Securities Law Research Guide

INTRODUCTION

This guide is intended as a starting point for research in securities law at the Georgetown Law Library. It includes both primary and secondary materials, in both print and electronic formats. It covers U.S. federal, U.S. state, international, and foreign securities law.

If you have questions, please feel free to contact the Library's Reference Desk, at 202-662-9140 or by email: libref@law.georgetown.edu.

Another research guide that might be of interest to you is "Accounting Research," http://www.ll.georgetown.edu/guides/accounting.cfm.

SECONDARY SOURCES

Unless you are an expert in this area of law, or already have a citation to a specific document, it is probably a good idea to begin your research with a book or a journal article. Either of these two types of secondary sources can provide citations to and explain how the various primary authorities fit together. Once you have citations to some primary authorities, you should complete your research by updating them (e.g., making sure the cited cases haven't been overruled, or the statutes repealed).

1. Dictionaries

  • Investment and Securities Dictionary (1986) [HG4513 .T48 1986].
  • New Palgrave Dictionary of Money and Finance (1992) [HG151 .N48 1992].
  • Wall Street Words: An A to Z Guide to Investment Terms for Today's Investor (3d ed. 2003) [HG4513 .S37 2003].

2. Loose-Leaf Services

Loose-leaf services provide both explanatory (secondary) materials and the full text of primary documents such as statutes, treaties, and regulations. They are usually updated at least monthly, by interfiling loose pages with pages already contained in ring binders. Publishers are increasingly converting their print loose-leaf services into subscription databases that are not available through Lexis or Westlaw.

  • CCH Federal Securities Law Reporter KF1068.4 .C58 1964
    Organized by major federal securities act, e.g., Securities Act of 1933, Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Also available online through the CCH Business and Finance Internet Research NetWork; select the "Securities" tab.
  • CCH Blue Sky Law Reporter KF1436.5 .C6 1964. Provides state securities statutes and regulations, as well as selected state securities law cases. Also available online through the CCH Business and Finance Internet Research NetWork; select the "Securities" tab.
  • Harold S. Bloomenthal ed., International Capital Markets and Securities Regulation (1982-) K1331 .I55 1982; also available on Westlaw. Loose-leaf for updating. This multi-volume set provides analysis of securities laws from countries in Asia, Europe, and North America, as well as Israel and South Africa. It also provides selected primary materials in English from those countries and from selected South American countries.
  • Transnational Economic and Monetary Law: International Regulation of Finance and Investment K3823 .T7 1992
    Provides the full text of treaties and national statutes and regulations relating to securities and banking law. Also provides selected reports of international organizations.

3. Selected Treatises

  • Federal Law:
    • Harold S. Bloomenthal and Samuel Wolff, Securities and Federal Corporate Law (2d ed. 2001-) KF1439 .B54 2001; also available on Westlaw: SECFEDCORP. Loose-leaf for updating.
    • Alan R. Bromberg and Lewis D. Lowenfels, Bromberg and Lowenfels on Securities Fraud & Commodities Fraud (1994) KF1070 .B7 1994; also available on Westlaw: SECBROMLOW. Loose-leaf for updating.
    • Edward F. Greene et al., U.S. Regulation of the International Securities and Derivatives Markets (8th ed. 2006) K1114 .U18 2006; also available online through the CCH Business and Finance Internet Research NetWork; select the "International Business" tab.
    • Robert H. Haft, Liability of Attorneys and Accountants for Securities Transactions, (1991-) KF1446.A7 H3; also available on Westlaw: SECATTACC . New edition published annually.
    • Thomas Lee Hazen, Treatise on the Law of Securities Regulation (5th ed. 2005-) KF1439 .H39 2005; also available on Westlaw: LAWSECREG. Updated with pocket parts.
    • J. William Hicks, Exempted Transactions Under the Securities Act of 1933 (2d ed. 2001-) KF1439 .H5 2001; also available on Westlaw: SECEXTRANS. Loose-leaf for updating.
    • J. William Hicks, International Dimensions of U.S. Securities Law (2005) KF1439 .H53 2005; also available on Westlaw: SECIDUSL.
    • Arnold S. Jacobs, Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act (2d ed. 2002-) KF1073.I5 J3 2002; also available on Westlaw: SEC16. Loose-leaf for updating.
    • Donald C. Langevoort, Insider Trading: Regulation, Enforcement, and Prevention (1991-) KF1073 .I5 L363 1991; also available on Westlaw: INSIDETRAD. Loose-leaf for updating.
    • Louis Loss & Joel Seligman, Fundamentals of Securities Regulation (5th ed. 2003-) KF1439 .L6 2003. Single volume, updated with pocket parts.
    • Louis Loss, Joel Seligman & Troy Parades, Securities Regulation (4th ed. 2006-) KF1070 .L6 1989. Multiple volumes, updated with replacement volumes and supplemental pamphlets Also on CCH Business and Finance Internet Research NetWork; select the "Securities" tab)
    • William M. Prifti; Securities: Public and Private Offerings (2002) KF1439 .P73 2001; also available on Westlaw: SECPUBPRIV. Loose-leaf for updating.
    • A.A. Sommer, Jr., ed., Federal Securities Act of 1933 (2001-) KF1436.5 .F42; also available on Lexis. The Library's copy was last updated in 2008, then bound, but the Lexis database is still updated.
    • A.A. Sommer, Jr., ed., Federal Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (2000-) KF1068.4 .G32; also available on Lexis. The Library's copy was last updated in 2008, then bound, but the Lexis database is still updated.
  • Blue Sky (State) Law:
    • Joseph C. Long, Blue Sky Law (2001-) KF1070.Z95 L66 2001; also available on Westlaw: SECBLUE. Loose-leaf for updating.
    • Robert N. Rapp, Blue Sky Regulation (2d ed. 2003) KF1439 .S66 2003; also available on Lexis. 4 volumes. The Library's copy was last updated in 2004, then bound, but the Lexis database is still updated.
  • International & Foreign Law:
    • Edward F. Greene et al., U.S. Regulation of the International Securities and Derivatives Markets (8th ed. 2006) K1114 .U18 2006; also available online through the CCH Business and Finance Internet Research NetWork; select the "International Business" tab.
    • J. William Hicks, International Dimensions of U.S. Securities Law (2005) KF1439 .H53 2005; also available on Westlaw: SECIDUSL.
    • G.T.M.J. Raaijmakers ed., European Regulation of Company and Securities Law (2005) K3842 .E97 2005
    • Hal S. Scott, International Finance: Law and Regulation (2004) K4430 .S36 2004
    • Manning Gilbert Warren III, European Securities Regulation (2003) KJE2247 .W37 2003

Further Information:

You can find other securities law treatises by browsing around the call numbers above, or by searching the Library’s online catalog at http://gull.georgetown.edu/. Some relevant subject headings include:

4. Forms

  • LIVEDGAR Commercial database of corporate SEC filings, also provides blank forms for filers.
  • Arnold S. Jacobs, Manual of Corporate Forms for Securities Practice (2002-) KF1437 .J3 2002; also available on Westlaw: SECMCORPF. Loose-leaf for updating.
  • Denis T. Rice & Charles P. Ortmeyer, Securities Regulation Forms (2001-) KF1437 .S45 2001; also available on Westlaw: SECREGFRM. Loose-leaf for updating.
  • Carolyn E.C. Paris, How to Draft for Corporate Finance (2000-) [KF1428.A65 P37 2000]. Loose-leaf for updating.
  • Securities & Exchange Commission, SEC Forms List. This web site provides links to PDF versions of SEC forms listed by subject matter.

5. Continuing Legal Education Materials

Attorneys attend continuing legal education seminars (CLEs) in order to keep their skills current. Such seminars usually provide printed course handbooks, which often include forms and practice checklists as well as explanations of the law.

6. Periodicals & Online Current Awareness

Articles related to securities law can be found using several databases & websites, including:

  • ABI/Inform - Business Periodicals
    Indexes and abstracts to articles in 1300 business and management publications, with varying coverage, some citations dating back to the 1970s. Includes 350 titles from outside the U.S. Also contains complete articles for more than 600 of the more important sources. Some representative titles include Barron's, The Bond Buyer, Fortune, and Forbes.
  • Bond Buyer
    Daily trade paper devoted to the municipal bond industry. Available online, but delayed 7 days
  • Business Lawyer Recent print issues are on reserve at the circulation desk; other issues are in Williams at K2 .U7. Official quarterly journal of the ABA Section of Business Law. Includes in-depth articles on securities law issues.
  • Factiva
    Provides worldwide full text coverage of local and regional newspapers, trade publications, and business news. ON CAMPUS ONLY; Internet Explorer is required. Representative titles include The Financial Times, and The Wall Street Journal.
  • Financial Times (London) Recent issues are in the Loewinger Lounge & at INT'L RES; past issues (1990 - ) are available on microform in Media Services
    Daily financial newspaper offering a global perspective. Available online through Factiva (1980 - ; ) and Lexis.
  • Insights: The Corporate & Securities Law Advisor KF1397 .I57
    This monthly publication, edited by a partner of Gibson, Dunn, & Crutcher LLP, provides analysis of SEC regulatory and enforcement developments, court decisions, corporate governance best practices, and M&A transactions. It is available online through the CCH Business and Finance Internet Research NetWork; select the "Securities" tab.
  • International Financial Law Review K9 .N7835. Monthly magazine for in-house counsel and practitioners in the financial markets. Covers capital markets, banking, project finance, corporate governance, bankruptcy, litigation, fund management and M&A. Also available online through HeinOnline (1982 - last year).
  • RealCorporateLawyer.com This site monitors the SEC on a daily basis and provides Daily Briefs, and other breaking news.
  • SECLAW.com News, information and commentary from the government, self-regulatory agencies and securities firms. Includes a Securities Law blog.
  • Securities Law Daily (BNA)
    Daily newsletter reporting on developments in federal and state securities law (1999 - ).
  • Securities Regulation & Law Report (BNA)
    Federal and state developments in the regulation of securities and futures trading and accounting, with coverage of the SEC, Commodities Futures Trading Commission, industry, courts, and Congress. (Coverage: Feb. 1996 to present.)
  • Wall Street Journal Recent issues are in the Loewinger Lounge & at Williams Reserve ; past issues (1970 - 2004) are available on microfilm in Media Services (1st Fl.)
    Daily financial newspaper. Available online through Factiva (June 1979 - ; see above for more information). Editions from 1889 -1991 are on Proquest Historical Newspapers database.
  • World Securities Law Report (BNA)
    Monthly newsletter providing news, expert analysis, and practical guidance on developments in the regulation of securities transactions around the world. Focuses particularly on developments affecting cross-border transactions (September 2004 - ).

Further Information:

See the Library research guide "Using Articles for Legal & Non-Legal Research" [http://www.ll.georgetown.edu/guides/articles.cfm].

FEDERAL & STATE STATUTES

Most federal securities statutes are codified in Title 15 of the United States Code.

1. Selected Federal Securities Acts:

  • Securities Act of 1933, ch. 38, Title I, 48 Stat. 74 (1933), codified as amended at 15 U.S.C. § 77a et seq. ("the '33 Act"). The '33 Act was the first major federal legislation intended to regulate the sale of securities. Until its passage, securities were regulated only by the states. Applies only to new issues of securities.
  • Securities Exchange Act of 1934, ch. 404, 48 Stat. 881 (1934), codified as amended at 15 U.S.C. § 78a et seq. ("the '34 Act"). This act extended federal regulation of securities trading to securities that were already issued and outstanding. It also created the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").
  • Investment Advisers Act of 1940, ch. 686, Title II, 54 Stat. 847 (1940), codified as amended at 15 U.S.C. § 80b–1 et seq. ("Advisers Act"). The Advisers Act requires that certain investment advisers register with the SEC.
  • Investment Company Act of 1940, ch. 686, Title I, 54 Stat. 789 (1940), codified as amended at 15 U.S.C. 80a–1 et seq. ("1940 Act"). This act applies to companies whose business primarily involves investing in other companies. Example: mutual funds.
  • Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Pub. L. 104-67, 109 Stat. 737 (1995), codified as amended in scattered parts of 15 U.S.C. ("PSLRA"). The purpose of the PSLRA is to curb abusive litigation in which attorneys file suit only to wrest settlements from issuers.
  • Gramm-Leach-Bliley (Financial Services Modernization) Act of 1999, Pub. L. 106-102, 113 Stat. 1338 (1999). The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act repealed the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933, which prohibited banks, securities firms, and insurance companies from affiliating with each other.
  • Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Pub. L. 107-204, 116 Stat. 745 (2002), codified as amended at 15 U.S.C. § 7201 et seq. This act established new accountability standards and criminal penalties for corporate officers and directors, and new independence standards for external auditors. It also created the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, which creates standards to be applied in audits of companies registered with the SEC.

2. Additional Sources of Federal Statutes:

3. Uniform Securities Act

The National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws http://www.nccusl.org has promulgated a Uniform Securities Act with the goal of encouraging states to enact similar state securities laws. Note that the Uniform Securities Act itself is not binding on anyone; it can only be made binding by the adoption of each state's legislature. There have been three versions of the Uniform Securities Act: 1956, 1985, and 2002. Sources:

  • Uniform Laws Annotated KF165 .A5; online through Westlaw: ULA (current, 1956, and 1985 versions)
  • Lexis: Legal > Area of Law - By Topic > Securities > Statutes, Regulations & Administrative Materials > Uniform Acts > Martindale-Hubbell(R) - Uniform Securities Act of 1985 (with 1988 amendments) (actually amended through 2005; current only )
  • Internet: http://www.law.upenn.edu/bll/ulc/securities/2002final.htm (current only)

Thirty-nine states and the District of Columbia have enacted some version of the Uniform Securities Act. For a list of adopting states with citations and links to their statutory codes, see the Legal Information Institute's list at http://www.law.cornell.edu/uniform/vol7.html#secur.

4. Sources of State Statutes

Further Information:

See the Library research guide "Finding Statutes" and the Library's jurisdictional research guides.

FEDERAL LEGISLATIVE HISTORY

Legislative history can be useful when you are attempting to interpret ambiguous statutory language. If you are interested in the legislative history of a federal securities act, the compiled legislative history sources listed below may be useful to you. For additional information on legislative history research, see the Library’s Legislative History Research Guide]. This guide describes sources for compiling your own legislative history when necessary, and explains the signficance of the various documents of federal legislative history (e.g., committee reports, hearings, floor debate).

FEDERAL & STATE CASE LAW & JUDICIAL MATERIALS

1. Case Law

In addition to the usual sources of U.S. case law (e.g., the Federal Reporter & Federal Supplement, West's regional reporters), the sources below contain case law on securities issues:

a. Federal Cases
b. State Cases

2. Judicial Materials

Judicial materials include court filings, statistical reports, and other documents.

Further Information:

See the Library's Case Research Guide, Briefs & Oral Arguments Research Guide and the Library's jurisdictional research guides.

FEDERAL & STATE REGULATIONS & ADMINISTRATIVE MATERIALS

In the area of federal securities law, administrative materials include not only regulations, but also administrative decisions and assorted SEC releases.

1. Federal Regulations

SEC regulations are first published in the Federal Register KF70 .A2, then codified in Title 17 of the Code of Federal Regulations. Some of the more commonly cited regulations and their C.F.R. citations include:

Chapter 1 of the book Specialized Legal Research KF240 .S64 1987 provides a fuller concordance of rule numbers/popular names and C.F.R. citations.

Further Information:

See the Library's research guide, "Administrative Law Research"

2. Federal Administrative Decisions

The SEC has statutory authority to act as a quasi-court in matters relating to violations of its regulations. When the SEC acts as a quasi-court, it does so through an administrative law judge (“ALJ”) who issues opinions resembling those issued by Article III (judicial branch) courts. ALJ decisions may be appealed to the Commissioners themselves, and ultimately to an Article III court. Decisions of the ALJs and Commissioners are known as administrative decisions. Sources:

3. SEC Releases

The SEC issues releases to communicate many types of information to the public. Releases include proposed and final regulations, ALJ decisions, guidance documents, orders, and other issuances. Each issuance is assigned a release number. Release numbers are assigned varying prefixes (e.g., 33-, 34-), indicating the statute they implement or interpret. These include:

  • Securities Act of 1933 – "33-"
  • Securities Exchange Act of 1934 – "34-"
  • Investment Company Act – "IC-"
  • Investment Advisers Act – "IA-"
  • etc.

A complete list of release prefixes is available in Chapter 1 of Specialized Legal Research KF240 .S64 1987. Sources of SEC releases include:

4. SEC No-Action Letters

No-action letters are informal opinion letters, with no precedential value. Private parties request these letters when entering into transactions that may not comply with the law, to ask whether the transactions will result in SEC enforcement action. No-action letters are binding only with respect to the requesting party. Nevertheless, they offer some insight into legal positions the SEC might take in other cases. Sources:

5. Annual Report of the Securities and Exchange Commission

Provides review of major SEC activities, and securities trading statistics. Sources:

6. Combined Federal Administrative Materials Databases

It is possible to search all or several different types of SEC administrative materials at the same time in the following databases:

7. State Regulations

Further Information:

See the Library's jurisdictional research guides.

8. State Administrative Decisions

  • CCH Blue Sky Law Reporter KF1436.5 .C6 1964. Provides selected state securities law cases. Also available online through the CCH Business and Finance Internet Research NetWork; select the "Securities" tab.
  • Westlaw
    • Multistate Securities and Blue Sky Law - Administrative Decisions (MSEC-ADMIN)
    • Individual State Securities and Blue Sky Law - Administrative Decisions (XXSEC-ADMIN, where XX is the state's postal abbreviation)
    • Individual State Securities and Blue Sky law - Administrative Decisions (XXSEC-ADMIN, where XX is the state's postal abbreviation)
  • Lexis: (combined states)

TREATIES & OTHER INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS

1. Major Agreements

  • International Organization of Securities Commissions' Multilateral Memorandum of Understanding Concerning Consultation and Cooperation and the Exchange of Information (May 2002) ("MMOU"). Signatories to the MMOU (who are securities regulatory agencies from 27 countries) agree to provide information related to bank and brokerage records, records identifying the beneficial owners of non-natural persons, and other critical information; to permit use of that information in enforcement and regulatory matters; and to otherwise keep that information confidential. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has signed the MMOU.
  • Convention on Insider Trading, opened for signature Apr. 20, 1989, entered into force Oct. 1, 1991, Council of Europe. The Convention "is intended to create mutual assistance by exchanges of information between Contracting Parties, to enable supervision of securities markets to be carried out effectively and to establish whether persons carrying out certain financial transactions on the stock markets are or are not insiders." (Quote from the introduction to the Explanatory Report.) The United States is not a signatory of the Convention on Insider Trading.
  • Convention on the Law Applicable to Certain Rights in Respect of Securities Held with an Intermediary ("Hague Securities Convention"), opened for signature Dec. 13, 2002 . The purpose of the Convention is to reduce uncertainty about the law applicable to cross-border securities transactions where securities are held by an intermediary. So far, the Convention has no signatories.

2. Sources of Additional Agreements

  • SEC Office of International Affairs: Bilateral Information Sharing Arrangements
  • Transnational Economic and Monetary Law: International Regulation of Finance and InvestmentK3823 .T7 1992
    Provides the full text of treaties and national statutes and regulations relating to securities and banking law. Also provides selected reports of international organizations.
  • International Economic Law Documents
    Westlaw: IEL. This database is a project of the American Society of International Law (ASIL) Interest Group on International Economic Law and contains basic documents of international economic law as selected for the database by the editors.
  • Lexis
    • (1776 - ). Provides full text of U.S. treaties and international agreements on all subjects.
  • Westlaw
    • U.S. Treaties & Other International Agreements (USTREATIES) (1778 - ). Provides full text of U.S. treaties and international agreements on all subjects.
  • TIARA: U.S. Treaties and International Agreements Subscription database service from Oceana Publications - GULC only.  This database contains U.S. treaties and international agreements in force since 1783. It contains specific fielded data and the full text of over 10,000 bi-lateral and multilateral treaties signed by the United States.  Be sure to log off when you are done searching.

Further Information:

See the Library research guide "Treaty Research".

FOREIGN LAWS & REGULATORS

1. Foreign Regulators

Countries other than the U.S. have their own agencies, similar to the SEC, that administer securities laws. Below are links to the web sites of selected foreign securities regulators:

2. Foreign Laws

  • Harold S. Bloomenthal ed., International Capital Markets and Securities Regulation (1982-) K1331 .I55 1982; also available on Westlaw. Loose-leaf for updating. This multi-volume set provides analysis of securities laws from countries in Asia, Europe, and North America, as well as Israel and South Africa. It also provides selected primary materials in English from those countries and from selected South American countries.
  • Transnational Economic and Monetary Law: International Regulation of Finance and InvestmentK3823 .T7 1992
    Provides the full text of treaties and national statutes and regulations relating to securities and banking law. Also provides selected reports of international organizations.
  • CCH Business and Finance Internet Research NetWork (International Business tab). Provides securities laws of 37 selected foreign countries, including Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, and Italy.
  • Foreign corporations laws (not necessarily securities laws, but sometimes including them) are available for many countries through Checkpoint (RIA) (International Tax Library > RIA Worldwide Tax Law > RIA Worldwide Tax Law Regions > [Region, e.g., Europe] > [Country, e.g. Germany] > Commercial Laws).

Further Information:

See the Library research guide "Foreign and Comparative Law".

COMPANY FILINGS

In the United States, publicly traded companies must file many reports with the SEC, including annual and quarterly reports, offering registration statements, earnings statements, and proxy statements. Below are selected sources for obtaining these filings. Companies traded in other countries may be required to file in those countries, as well.

1. U.S. Filings

  • EDGAR (1994 - ). Free database of SEC filings, hosted on the SEC's web site. Descriptions of the various required filings are available at http://www.sec.gov/info/edgar/forms/edgform.pdf.
  • LIVEDGAR (U.S. filings 1994 - ; Canadian filings 1997 - ). Commercial database of corporate securities filings based on the content of the free EDGAR database above, but much easier to search, and updated continuously in real-time (hence “LIVE”). ON CAMPUS ONLY.
  • SharkRepellent.net Searchable database of charter, bylaw, state takeover law and poison pill data. ON CAMPUS ONLY.
  • Westlaw: EDGAR (selected full-text filings from April 1993 - December 2003; all filings from January 1, 2004 - ; records of other filings beginning with 1968)
  • Lexis: Legal > Area of Law - By Topic > Securities >Search SEC Filings(1991 - )

2. Foreign Filings

Availability of foreign securities filings varies greatly by jurisdiction. A few possible sources include:

  • LIVEDGAR . Commercial database of primarily U.S. filings; also provides Canadian filings (1997 - ), and international prospectuses and annual reports from issuers domiciled in more than 110 countries. ON CAMPUS ONLY.
  • SEDAR (1997 - ). Free, official source of Canadian securities filings. Also available through LIVEDGAR (see above).
  • National securities commission web sites. See the list published by the International Organization of Securities Commissions

EXCHANGE & SELF-REGULATORY ORGANIZATION MATERIALS

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), the American Stock Exchange (AMEX) and the regional stock exchanges are U.S. organizations that create rules binding on their members and take disciplinary action against their members with the authorization of the SEC. They also create and enforce rules that apply to companies listed on their exchanges. Foreign stock exchanges also create and enforce rules that are applicable to companies listed with them. Sources of the materials produced by these organizations are listed below.

1. Proposed Rules and National Market System Plans of All SROs

  • SEC Web Site (selected proposals currently open for comment)

2. Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (prev. the National Association of Securities Dealers)

3. New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) [http://www.nyse.com]

4. American Stock Exchange (AMEX) [http://wallstreet.cch.com/AMEX/]

5. NASDAQ Stock Market [http://www.nasdaq.com]

6. U.S. Regional Stock Exchanges

Information from the regional stock exchanges can be found on their web sites (listed below) and in the CCH Business & Finance Research Network (Exchanges & SROs tab).

7. Non-U.S. Exchanges

Rules of selected foreign stock exchanges are available in the loose-leaf service International Securities Regulation: Stock Exchanges of the World: Selected Rules & Regulations [INTL K1331 .I559], on the web sites of some exchanges, and in CCH Business & Finance Research Network (International Business tab). Below is a list of selected foreign stock exchange web sites; the web site Stock Exchanges Worldwide links to many others:

ASSOCIATIONS

1. International Organization of Securities Commissions [http://www.iosco.org]

Organization whose members are national securities commissions from countries around the world.

2. North American Securities Administrators Association [http://www.nasaa.org]

Voluntary association of state, provincial, and territorial securities administrators of the 50 states, District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, Canada, and Mexico.

3. Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association [http://www.sifma.org/]

SIFMA members include investment banks, broker-dealers, and mutual funds.

Created 03/06 (SK)
Updated 11/08 (MK)

Page last saved 27-Apr-2009